LE - 02

Experience

In the second lecture of the Principles of Organization and Management , the focus was more on nature of functions and decision of Organization .  

#Lesson1

Theory X and Theory Y Managers

Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in book 'The Human Side Of Enterprise'.


Theory X

• The average person dislikes work and will avoid it he/she can.
• Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives.
• The average person prefers to be directed; to avoid responsibility; is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else.

Theory Y

• People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organisational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment.
• Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement.
• People usually accept and often seek responsibility.

 #Lesson2

The class Activity illustrated through the diagram above shows that in a team , contribution of each member of the team is essential to ensure success . There is no differentiation between the team members although their roles varies through the activity .

There is an interdependence among the team members for the task ahead .
All team members are equally responsible in their contributions for the overall task completion .
All Members while crossing the river communicate  and coordinate with each other through a predetermined signal .
All  Member Roles are Similar but not Same or Different and Equivalent in terms of total effort, risk .


There are several stages which are  systematically divided to structure the task :-
1st step - All 3 are safe .
2nd step - Front one is Half safe. Middle and Last one is fully  safe
3rd step - Front one is Fully Risky; Middle one and Last one is Fully SAFE
4th step - Front one and middle one are HALF RISKY; Rear one is SAFE
5th step - Front one SAFE: Middle one is Fully Risky; Last one is SAFE.
6th step - Front one and  Middle ones are Fully Safe; Last one is Fully Risky
7th step - Front and Middle one is safe;
8th step - Last one is half risky
9th step - All three are Safe


Team excellence comes by proper designing of team tasks, team roles, preparation and execution of the tasks

There are 3 stages in building Organizations :-

Work Planning
 Craftmanship - Here the person is deft in doing entire job  . This is more personalized and depends on individual to individual .
 Specialization - Here the person has one particular type of skill set . This can  be easily assigned
to anyone in Organization .

Authority Planning:
Centralization - Here the centre for authority and decision making  is not concentrated in few hands 
 Decentralizaion - Power to take decision and authority is distributed . It enhance the efficiency in working as decisions are taken fast .


Planning  - Control:
Formalizaiton  :Here much emphasis is laid on the rules laid down by the Organization .
 Socialization : Although there are norms , but there is certain level of flexibility here as compared to Formalization .

#Lesson3

Tower Building and Goal Setting and Management

• Organization is made of tiny blocks called teams which can be further broken down in team members   which are essential for its day to day functioning .
• Systematic setting of goal which in turn should be lofty enough to drive the motivation of team members  is necessary  for any Organization . 
• Quality of Foundation laid is  deciding factor  the success of the Organization .
• Goals can be subdivided in Short term goals and long tern goals . Focus on both is necessary to quantify the  progress achieved .